Preparation of Mn3O4/Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube Composite Electrode Material and Its Electrochemical Performance
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摘要: 采用水分辅助化学气相沉积方法制备垂直排列碳纳米管（VACNTs），采用超临界二氧化碳辅助浸渍将锰前驱体负载于VACNTs表面，经不同温度（250~350 ℃）真空退火制备Mn3O4/VACNTs复合电极材料，研究了该复合电极材料的微观结构和电化学性能。结果表明：在复合电极材料中Mn3O4纳米颗粒负载在碳纳米管表面，且当在300 ℃真空退火后，Mn3O4纳米颗粒呈均匀分布，尺寸在6~10 nm；与纯VACNTs相比，复合电极材料的比电容提高了3~4倍，瓦尔堡阻抗、等效串联电阻和电极/电解质界面的电荷转移电阻均较小；300 ℃真空退火后，复合电极材料表现出最佳的电化学性能，其最大比电容为168 F·g-1，且当充放电电流密度从1 A·g-1增加到10 A·g-1时，比电容保持率达56％，等效串联电阻最小（约2.5 Ω）。Abstract: Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs) were prepared by water-assisted chemical vapor deposition method. The manganese precursor was loaded on VACNTs surface by supercritical carbon dioxide assisted impregnation, and then the Mn3O4/VACNTs composite electrode material was prepared by vacuum annealing at different temperatures (250-350 ℃). The microstructure and electrochemical performance of the composite electrode material were studied. The results show that in the composite electrode material Mn3O4 nanoparticles were loaded on the surface of carbon nanotubes. After vacuum annealing at 300 ℃, Mn3O4 nanoparticles with diameter of 6-10 nm were evenly distributed on the surface of carbon nanotubes. Compared with pure VACNTs, specific capacitance of the composite electrode material increased by 3-4 times, and Warburg impedance, equivalent series resistance and charge transfer resistance at the electrode/electrolyte interface were relatively small. The composite electrode material by vacuum annealing at 300 ℃had the best electrochemical performance; the maximum specific capacitance was 168 F·g-1, and the specific capacitance retention was 56% with the charge and discharge current density increasing from 1 A·g-1 to 10 A·g-1; the equivalent series resistance was the smallest (about 2.5 Ω).
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