Abstract: Magnetic field-controlled directional solidification provides a new route to prepare high-quality alloys and castings, and is of great significance for improving the metallurgical quality of products and developing new preparation techniques. The main research progress on the directional solidification of nickel-based superalloys under magnetic field in recent years is summarized. Several typical effects between magnetic field and metal conductive melt are described. The revolution of the directional solidification structures of nickel-based superalloys under static magnetic field, alternating magnetic field, pulsed magnetic field and traveling magnetic field, and the influence of magnetic field on typical solidification defects such as stray grains and on the creep properties of superalloys are systematically summarized. The formation mechanisms of solidification structures and defects under different types of magnetic fields are discussed. Finally, the development trend and breakthrough points of directional solidification of superalloys under magnetic field are prospected.