Abstract: Two kinds of graphite with different graphitization degree and compressive strength were combined with SA533 Gr.B alloy steel to form friction pair. The friction and wear properties under different lubrication conditions were tested by ring block friction testing machine, and the wear morphology was observed. The results show that in the stable stage of dry friction, the friction coefficient of the friction pair between alloy steel and graphite with high graphitization degree and low compressive strength was greater than that with graphite with low graphitization degree and high compressive strength, and the wear rate of graphite with low graphitization degree and high compressive strength was smaller. Under the condition of wet friction in boric acid solution, the friction coefficient of the friction pair between alloy steel and different graphite had little difference and fluctuated, and the wear rate of graphite was higher than that under dry friction. The transfer film formed by graphite with low graphitization degree and high compressive strength on alloy steel surface under shear stress was thick and closely bonded with steel substrate. The wear mechanism of graphite under dry friction condition and wet friction condition in boric acid solution was mainly abrasive wear.