Abstract: Heat resistant steels are a key material serving in thermal power, nuclear power and chemical industry fields under high temperature conditions. The existence of precipitates during service has an important influence on the thermal strength, toughness, microstructure stability and high temperature oxidation resistance of heat resistant steels, and the strain causes a large number of dislocations in the matrix, which promotes the nucleation of precipitates. The main alloying elements and precipitates of heat resistant steels are introduced, and the research progress on strain induced precipitation model for heat resistant steels is reviewed from three aspects: strain induced nucleation, strain induced precipitation growth and coarsening, and the engineering application of strain induced precipitation model. The future research direction of the strain induced precipitation model is prospected.