Abstract: Annealed Cr12Mo1V1 die steel was treated by single quenching+tempering, double-quenching+tempering, single quenching+cryogenic treatment+tempering and double-quenching+cryogenic treatment+tempering processes, respectively. The single quenching process was 1 030 ℃×0.5 h oil quenching. The double-quenching process was 1 050 ℃×0.5 h oil quenching+1 030 ℃×0.5 h oil quenching. The cryogenic treatment was -60 ℃×1 h+-120 ℃×1 h. The effects of double-quenching+cryogenic treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the test steel were studied contrastively. The results show that comparing with the single quenching+tempering process, the double-quenching+tempering process could improve the distribution uniformity of eutectic carbides, and make the carbides be spherical. The addition of cryogenic treatment had little effect on the improvement of the morphology and uniformity of eutectic carbides, but reduced the residual austenite content. The hardness of the test steel after the double-quenching+tempering treatment was similar to that after the single quenching+tempering treatment, while the impact absorption energy and bending strength increased by 22% and 12%, respectively. The addition of cryogenic treatment had little effect on the hardness, impact toughness and flexural strength of the test steel.