Abstract: A three-dimensional finite element model for continuous ball indentation tests was established, and the relationship between residual indentation strains and different material tensile property parameters (elastic modulus of 90-210 GPa, yield strength of 180-300 MPa, strain hardening exponent of 0.1-0.3) was simulated by a single variable method. Finite element simulation of continuous ball indentation tests was performed under 125 sets of material tensile property parameter combinations, and formulas for calculating material tensile property parameters based on residual indentation strains were obtained and verified experimentally. The results show that there was a log-linear relationship between the residual indentation strain and the modulus of elasticity and yield strength, respectively, and a power-law relationship between the residual indentation strain logarithm and the strain hardening exponent. The residual indentation strains of 316L stainless steel measured by the continuous ball indentation test were substituted into the material tensile property parameter calculation formula, and the relative errors between the elastic modulus, yield strength, and strain hardening exponent obtained by inversion and the tensile test results were 1.50%, 1.57%, and 0.22%, respectively, indicating that the stainless steel material tensile property parameter calculation method based on the residual indentation strain could meet the engineering needs.