Abstract: 15Cr oxide dispersion strengthened (15Cr-ODS) steel was prepared by hot isostatic pressing and then rolled. The effects of rolling deformation amount (0, 30%, 50%, 70%) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the test steel were studied. The results show that rolling could increase the density of the test steel, but the deformation amount had no obvious effect on the density. With the increase of rolling deformation amount, the grain size of the test steel was refined, the microstructure anisotropy was more significant, the size of the precipitated phase increased, and the distribution density decreased. After rolling, the microhardness, tensile strength from room temperature to 600 ℃, percentage elongation after fracture of the test steel all increased. With the increase of rolling deformation amount, the microhardness increased, and the tensile strength had no obvious change.