GH4169合金的中温应力松弛行为与蠕变本构方程的修正
Stress Relaxation Behavior at Medium Temperature and Creep Constitutive Equation Modification of GH4169 Alloy
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摘要: 对GH4169合金开展了温度为450~550 ℃、时间为600 h、初始应力为800 MPa的应力松弛试验,分析了其应力松弛行为,利用三次延迟函数拟合出应力与时间的关系;引入槛应力对Arrhenius蠕变本构模型进行修正,采用未修正和修正后的模型模拟了应力松弛曲线,并与试验结果进行对比。结果表明:GH4169合金在应力松弛试验后的剩余应力随温度的升高呈先减小后增大的趋势,450,500,550 ℃下的应力松弛量分别约为12,18,15 MPa。构建的三次延迟函数可以准确描述GH4169合金应力与时间的关系,拟合相关系数均大于0.999。基于引入槛应力修正的Arrhenius模型模拟得到的GH4169合金中温应力松弛曲线与试验结果吻合较好,最大相对误差为0.02%,而基于未修正Arrhenius模型模拟得到的500 ℃和550 ℃应力松弛结曲线与试验结果偏差较大,最大相对误差为0.1%。修正Arrhenius模型可以更好地预测GH4169合金的中温应力松弛行为。Abstract: The stress relaxation tests were carried out for GH4169 alloy at temperatures of 450–550 ℃, time of 600 h and initial stress of 800 MPa, and the stress relaxation behavior was analyzed. The relationship between stress and time was fitted by using the cubic delay function. The threshold stress was introduced to modify the Arrhenius creep constitutive model. The stress relaxation curves were obtained by unmodified and modified models and were compared with the test results. The results show that the remaining stress of GH4169 alloy after stress relaxation tests first decreased and then increased with the increase of temperature, and the stress relaxation amounts at 450,500,550 ℃ were about 12,18,15 MPa, respectively. The constructed cubic delay function could accurately describe the relationship between stress and time of GH4169 alloy, with the fitting correlation coefficients all greater than 0.999. The stress relaxation curves of GH4169 alloy at medium temperature simulated by modified Arrhenius model with introducing threshold stress were in good agreement with the test results, with the maximum relative error of 0.02%. The stress relaxation curves simulated at 500 ℃ and 550 ℃ based on unmodified Arrhenius model had a larger deviation from the test results, and the maximum relative error was 0.1%. The modified Arrhenius model could better predict the stress relaxation behavior of GH4169 alloy at medium temperature.