Abstract: The wear-resistant steel was subjected to single pass thermal compression deformation at high temperatures (800–1 200 ℃) and medium strain rates (0.1, 1, 5, 10 s⁻¹) with Gleeble-3800 thermal simulator. The thermal compression deformation behavior of the steel was studied. According to the true stress-true strain data, the traditional Arrhenius equation was improved by introducing the influence of the true strain, and then the constitutive model was established. The calculated results were compared with test results. The hot processing map was drawn to determine the reasonable processing range. The results show that the flow stress of the test steel decreased with the increase of deformation temperature or the decrease of strain rate. With the increase of deformation, the true stress first increased to the peak stress and then became stable, except at high temperature (not less than 1 100 ℃) and low strain rate (0.1 s⁻¹), the true stress first decreased slightly after reaching the peak stress and then became stable. The true stress obtained by the established constitutive model was in good agreement with the test results, with the average relative error of 3.79% and the linear correlation coefficient of 0.997 5, indicating that the constitutive model could accurately predict the rheological behavior of the test steel at the deformation temperature of 800–1 200 ℃ and the strain rate of 0.1–10 s⁻¹. The reasonable processing range of the test steel under single pass thermal compression deformation was true strain of no more than 0.5, strain rate of no more than 10 s⁻¹, and deformation temperature of 900–1 100 ℃.