Abstract: Based on the microstructure feature of Ni-based single crystal high temperature alloy, a γ/γ′ two-phase unit cell finite element model was built. Based on energy dissipation theory, a parameter k was introduced to express asymmetrical load cyclic characteristic and tension/torsion multiaxial effect, the low cycle fatigue life prediction model for nickel based single crystal high temperature alloy was proposed by using cyclic plasticity strain energy as a damage parameter. The process of uniaxial and multiaxial low cycle fatigue tests for DD3, PWA1480 and CMSX-2 Ni-based single crystal high temperature alloy along 001 orientation were simulated by using the macro finite element model and the γ/γ′ two-phase unit cell micro finite element model. The results show that the micro unit cell model not only reflected the microstructure characteristics of the tested alloys, but also was better than the macro model in prediction accuracy. Almost all test datas of three kinds alloys above-mentioned distributed in 1.3, 2.0 and 2.0 scatter band, respectively.