11Cr铁素体/马氏体钢高温拉伸时的锯齿流变现象
Serrated Flow of 11 Cr Ferritic/Martensitic Steel during High Temperature Tension
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摘要: 在应变速率为2×10-5~1×10-3s-1范围内以及不同温度(600~700 ℃)下, 对11Cr铁素体/马氏体钢进行拉伸试验, 研究其在变形过程中的锯齿流变现象。结果表明: 试验钢在变形过程中出现了“反常”锯齿流变, 且只出现一种E型锯齿波; 锯齿开始出现在拉伸应力最大值附近, 锯齿波主要处于拉伸曲线的下降段; 锯齿形成的有效激活能约为43.44 kJ·mol-1; 高温时, 置换原子气团能量高, 完全钉扎住位错, 当一定数量的位错达到临界运动速度时, 摆脱了置换原子气团的钉扎, 从而导致产生锯齿流变现象。Abstract: Tensile test was performed on 11 Cr ferritic/martensitic steel at different temperatures (600-700 ℃) and strain rates of 2×10-5-1×10-3 s-1, and serrated flow during deformation was studied. The results show that "abnormal" serrated flow was found during tested steel deformation and only type E serrated wave exhibited. Serration behavior began to appear near the maximum tensile strength and serrated waves mainly lied in descending part of stress-strain curves. The effective activation energy for forming serration was 43.44 kJ·mol-1. At high temperature, the energy of substitutional atoms was high and could pin dislocations completely, and when a certain amount of dislocations up to a critical velocity and break free of pinning of substitutional atoms, the serrated flow appeared.