Abstract: Electronic backscattering diffraction (EBSD) technology was used to research the texture evolution of the cold drawn high carbon steel wires during annealing process at 600 ℃. The microstructure and microhardness of the steel wires were researched by means of scanning electronic microscope and microhardness tester. The results show that during the annealing process at 600 ℃, with the prolongation of annealing time, the microstructure trans-formed from fibrous grains to equiaxed grains, the hardness decreased obviously. The texture type of the wires annealed for different times was the same as that of the as-drawn wires, which were main 〈110〉 fiber texture with some 111〈110〉 and 001〈110〉 circular fiber texture. With the prolongation of annealing time, the 〈110〉 fiber texture intensity decreased.