Abstract: The relationship between rolling contact fatigue damage and wear of rail had been explored by the investigation on rail fatigue oblique crack and side wear volume on Guangzhou-Shenzhen high-speed railway and rolling simulation test of rail.The effects of wear rate of rail on formation of fatigue crack and crack propagation life had been analyzed in the rolling wear of wheel-rail process.The results indicate that when rail wear was severe,rail fatigue oblique crack was relatively slight.The relationship between rolling contact fatigue crack damage and rail wear was manifested as mutual competitive and restrictive coupling mechanisms.In the practical application,increasing wear rate of rail could alleviate rolling contact fatigue of rail and prolong the fatigue life.