Abstract: On the basis of discussing biofouling mechanism caused by organisms, the methods for decreasing surface energy of materials by surface modification method and the effects of surface energy on adsorption and desorption are analyzed. The research status of metal material modified by biologic peptide is summarized, and the stainless steel is modified by peptides and the effect of modification on electron work function, hardness and surface energy of the modified stainless steel are focused on. It provids an environment-friendly new way for realizing anti-biofouling of modified metal materials with low surface energy.