Abstract: The AZ61 magnesium alloy sheets were produced by the single pass large strain rolling (LSR), and the effects of rolling temperature on the mechanical properties and microstructure of AZ61 magnesium alloy sheets were investigated. Results show that AZ61 magnesium alloy sheet with bright and smooth appearance and excellent mechanical properties can be produced successfully at the temperature range of 300－450 ℃. Varying degrees of recrystallization of AZ61 magnesium alloy occurred at different rolling temperatures. The finest and most homogeneous microstructure was found at 400 ℃, giving the best comprehensive mechanical property to the sheet. The tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the AZ61 magnesium alloy sheet rolled at 400 ℃ were 308.96 MPa, 226.54 MPa and 22.52 %, respectively, increased by 58.18 %, 29.93 % and 142.72 % compared with the cast AZ61 magnesium alloy.