Preparation of Triazole Fluoroaromatic Hydrocarbon Modified Nano ZnO and Application in Antifouling Coating

Nano zinc oxide modified by triazole ring fluorinated aromatic hydrocarbon (ZnO-sTRF) was prepared by Cu⁺ catalyzed azidoyne ring dipole addition click chemistry reaction under different catalysts (CuBr/PMDATA or CuSO₄·5H₂O/sodium ascorbate) and reaction temperatures (55,65,75 ℃). The chemical structure and element composition of ZnO-sTRF were studied. ZnO-sTRF with the highest surface grafting amount was added in polyurethane (PU) to prepare ZnO-sTRF/PU coating. The hydrophobic, antibacterial and antifouling properties of the coating were studied. The results show that with CuSO₄·5H₂O/sodium ascorbate as catalyst at 75 ℃ , the surface grafting amount of modified nano-ZnO was the highest. The water contact angle of ZnO-sTRF/PU coating surface could reach 105.4°. The area coverage of dead bacteria of surface against escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and pseudoaltermonas were more than 10 times that of ZnO/PU and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane modified ZnO/PU coatings. After immersion in the actual marine environment for 120 d, the surface of the coating had no obvious adhesion of hard organisms.